FCA PS25/23: Why “Fit & Proper” checks are no longer just about financial misconduct

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The Financial Conduct Authority has always required firms to ensure that employees performing regulated roles are “fit and proper”. Traditionally, this assessment focused on fairly familiar areas: criminal records, regulatory breaches, financial soundness, and professional competence.

However, recent regulatory developments signal an important shift.

With the publication of Policy Statement PS25/23, the FCA has clarified that non-financial misconduct may also be relevant when assessing whether someone remains fit and proper to perform their role.

For firms operating under the Senior Managers and Certification Regime (SM&CR), this represents a subtle but important evolution in how risk should be assessed.

The implication is that fit and proper assessments must now take a broader view of conduct, behaviour, and reputational risk.

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What has changed – A broader view of misconduct

Historically, the types of misconduct most closely associated with regulation were directly tied to financial services activity. Fraud, market abuse, dishonesty and regulatory breaches were obvious triggers for concern.

PS25/23 does not remove that focus, but it broadens the picture. It makes clear that behaviour such as bullying, harassment, discrimination, violence or threatening conduct may also be relevant where it raises questions about integrity, judgement or reputation.

This reflects the FCA’s wider concern with culture, governance and trust across the sector.

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Conduct outside regulated activities

One of the most interesting aspects of the new guidance is the recognition that behaviour does not necessarily need to occur during regulated activities to be relevant.

Misconduct within the workplace that does not directly relate to financial services can still affect whether an individual meets the integrity and reputation requirements under the Fit & Proper test.

This reflects a wider regulatory focus on culture, governance, and trust across the financial services industry.

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The operational challenge for firms

While the regulatory direction is clearer, many firms are now asking a practical question:

How should organisations actually assess these broader conduct risks?

Traditional screening methods tend to focus on structured data sources such as:

These remain essential elements of any fit and proper assessment. But they do not always capture behavioural risks or reputational concerns.

As a result, compliance teams are increasingly reviewing whether their screening frameworks are still fit for purpose.

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Building a more complete picture

For most regulated roles, the basics still matter. Identity verification, criminal record checks, six-year referencing, qualification checks and sanctions or PEP screening remain the foundation.
What is changing is the expectation that firms should be able to look beyond those checks where appropriate and demonstrate that fit and proper decisions are based on a fuller picture.
That does not necessarily mean building an entirely new process from scratch. It means making sure the process is robust, well documented and capable of supporting consistent decisions when conduct issues arise.

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The importance of ongoing monitoring

Another area receiving growing attention is ongoing monitoring.
Fit and proper assessments are not a one-time exercise. Under SM&CR, firms must ensure that certified staff remain fit and proper on an ongoing basis.

This means circumstances can change over time. For example:

Modern screening platforms increasingly allow organisations to monitor individuals continuously, with alerts triggered if risk indicators change.

This approach helps firms demonstrate that they are maintaining oversight, rather than relying solely on point-in-time checks.

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What this means for compliance teams

The FCA’s latest guidance does not necessarily require firms to implement entirely new processes.

However, it does reinforce the importance of robust, well-documented screening frameworks that support informed decisions about fitness and propriety.

In practice, this means firms should ensure they can:

Technology is increasingly playing a role in helping compliance teams manage these requirements efficiently and consistently.

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Looking ahead

PS25/23 reflects a broader regulatory trend: integrity and behaviour are now central to the concept of fitness and propriety.

For firms, the challenge is ensuring that screening processes evolve accordingly.

In the next article in this series, we will explore how the FCA’s focus on non-financial misconduct is reshaping the way firms think about culture risk – and what that means for pre-employment screening.

 

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